Question
Write a short note on hydrogen bonding.
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Answer
Hydrogen bonding:
The electrostatic force of attraction between positively polarised hydrogen atom of one molecule and a highly electronegative atom $($which may be negatively charged$)$ of other molecule is called as hydrogen bond.
Strong electronegative atoms that form hydrogen bonds are nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine.
A hydrogen bond is a special type of dipole$-$dipole attraction.
Hydrogen bonds are generally stronger than usual dipole-dipole and dispersion forces, and weaker than true covalent or ionic bonds.
Hydrogen bond is denoted by $(….)$ dotted line.
e.g. Water $(H_2O)$ and ammonia $(NH_3)$ show hydrogen bonding.
The electrostatic force of attraction between positively polarised hydrogen atom of one molecule and a highly electronegative atom $($which may be negatively charged$)$ of other molecule is called as hydrogen bond.
Strong electronegative atoms that form hydrogen bonds are nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine.
A hydrogen bond is a special type of dipole$-$dipole attraction.
Hydrogen bonds are generally stronger than usual dipole-dipole and dispersion forces, and weaker than true covalent or ionic bonds.
Hydrogen bond is denoted by $(….)$ dotted line.
e.g. Water $(H_2O)$ and ammonia $(NH_3)$ show hydrogen bonding.
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