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Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ

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10 questions · 1 auto-graded MCQ + 9 self-marked written.

Question 11 Mark
Assertion $(A):$ The lines $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_1+\lambda \vec{b}_1$ and $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_2+\mu \vec{b}_2$ are perpendicular, when $\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2=0$.
Reason $(R):$ The angle $\theta$ between the lines $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_1+\lambda \vec{b}_1$ and $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_2+\mu \vec{b}_2$ is given by $\cos \theta=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right|\left|\vec{b}_2\right|}$.
Answer
if lines are perpendicular, then $\theta=\frac{\pi}{2}$
$\therefore \cos \frac{\pi}{2}=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right| \vec{b}_2 \mid}$
$\Rightarrow \cos \frac{\pi}{2}=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right| \vec{b}_2 \mid}$
$\Rightarrow \vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2=0$
$\therefore \quad$ Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
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Question 21 Mark
Assertion $(A) :$ Quadrilateral formed by vertices $A(0,0,0), B(3,4,5), C(8,8,8)$ and $D(5,4,3)$ is a rhombus. Reason $(R): A B C D$ is a rhombus if $A B=B C=C D=D A$, $A C \neq B D$.
Answer
Given, $A(0,0,0), B(3,4,5), C(8,8,8)$ and $D(5,4,3)$
$A B=\sqrt{3^2+4^2+5^2}=\sqrt{9+16+25}=\sqrt{50}=5 \sqrt{2} \text { units }$
$B C=\sqrt{(8-3)^2+(8-4)^2+(8-5)^2}=\sqrt{25+16+9}=\sqrt{50}$
$=5 \sqrt{2} \text { units }$
$C D=\sqrt{(5-8)^2+(4-8)^2+(3-8)^2}=\sqrt{9+16+25}=\sqrt{50}=5 \sqrt{2} \text { units }$
$D A=\sqrt{5^2+4^2+3^2}=\sqrt{25+16+9}=\sqrt{50}=5 \sqrt{2} \text { units }$
$A C=\sqrt{8^2+8^2+8^2}=\sqrt{3 \times 8^2}=8 \sqrt{3} \text { units }$
$B D=\sqrt{(5-3)^2+(4-4)^2+(3-5)^2}=\sqrt{4+0+4}=\sqrt{8}=2 \sqrt{2} \text { units }$
$\therefore A B=B C=C D=D A, A C \neq B D$
Hence, both Assertion $(A)$ and Reason $(R)$ are true and Reason $(R)$ is the correct explanation of Assertion $(A).$
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Question 31 Mark
Assertion (A): The pair of lines given by $\vec{r}=\hat{i}-\hat{j}+\lambda(2 \hat{i}+\hat{k})$ and $\vec{r}=2 \hat{i}-\hat{k}+\mu(\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k})$ intersect.
Reason $(R) :$ Two lines intersect each other, if they are not parallel and shortest distance $=0$.
Answer
Here, $\vec{a}_1=\hat{i}-\hat{j}, \vec{b}_1=2 \hat{i}+\hat{k}$
$\vec{a}_2=2 \hat{i}-\hat{k}$ and $\vec{b}_2=\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}$
$\because \vec{b}_1 \neq k \vec{b}_2$, for any scalar $k$
$\therefore \quad$ Given lines are not parallel.
Now, $\vec{a}_2-\vec{a}_1=(2 \hat{i}-\hat{k})-(\hat{i}-\hat{j})=\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}$
and $\vec{b}_1 \times \vec{b}_2=-\hat{i}+3 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k}$
$\Rightarrow\left|\vec{b}_1 \times \vec{b}_2\right|=\sqrt{(-1)^2+(3)^2+(2)^2}=\sqrt{1+9+4}=\sqrt{14}$
$\therefore \text { S.D. }=\left|\frac{\left(\vec{a}_2-\vec{a}_1\right) \cdot\left(\vec{b}_1 \times \vec{b}_2\right)}{\left|\vec{b}_1 \times \vec{b}_2\right|}\right|=\left|\frac{(\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}) \cdot(-\hat{i}+3 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k})}{\sqrt{14}}\right|=0$
Hence, two lines intersect each other.
Two lines intersect each other, if they are not parallel and shortest distance $=0$.
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Question 41 Mark
Assertion (A) : The points $(1,2,3),(-2,3,4)$ and $(7,0,1)$ are collinear.
Reason (R): If the points $\left(x_1, y_1, z_1\right),\left(x_2, y_2, z_2\right)$ and $\left(x_3, y_3, z_3\right)$ are collinear, then
$\frac{x_2-x_1}{x_3-x_2}=\frac{y_2-y_1}{y_3-y_2}=\frac{z_2-z_1}{z_3-z_2} .$
Answer
We have, $x_1=1, y_1=2, z_1=3$;
$x_2=-2, y_2=3, z_2=4$ and $x_3=7, y_3=0, z_3=1$
Now, $\frac{x_2-x_1}{x_3-x_2}=\frac{y_2-y_1}{y_3-y_2}=\frac{z_2-z_1}{z_3-z_2}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{-2-1}{7-(-2)}=\frac{3-2}{0-3}=\frac{4-3}{1-4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{-3}{9}=\frac{1}{-3}=\frac{1}{-3}$
$ \Rightarrow \frac{-1}{3}=\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{-1}{3}$
$\therefore \quad$ Given points are collinear.
Hence, both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
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Question 51 Mark
Assertion (A) : The lines $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_1+\lambda \vec{b}_1$ and $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_2+\mu \vec{b}_2$ are perpendicular, when $\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2=0$.
Reason (R): The angle $\theta$ between the lines $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_1+\lambda \vec{b}_1$ and $\vec{r}=\vec{a}_2+\mu \vec{b}_2$ is given by $\cos \theta=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right|\left|\vec{b}_2\right|}$.
Answer
(a) : If lines are perpendicular, then $\theta=\frac{\pi}{2}$
$
\therefore \quad \cos \frac{\pi}{2}=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right| \vec{b}_2 \mid} \Rightarrow \cos \frac{\pi}{2}=\frac{\vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2}{\left|\vec{b}_1\right| \vec{b}_2 \mid}
$
$
\Rightarrow \quad \vec{b}_1 \cdot \vec{b}_2=0
$
$\therefore \quad$ Both $A$ and $R$ are true and $R$ is the correct explanation of $A$.
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Question 61 Mark
Assertion (A) : If the cartesian equation of a line is $\frac{x-5}{3}=\frac{y+4}{7}=\frac{z-6}{2}$, then its vector form is $\vec{r}=5 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+6 \hat{k}+\lambda(3 \hat{i}+7 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k})$.
Reason (R): The vector equation of line passing through the points $A(\vec{a})$ and parallel to vector $\vec{b}$ is $\vec{r}=\vec{a}-\lambda(\vec{a}-\vec{b})$, where $\lambda \in R$ is a parameter.
Answer
In assertion the given cartesian equation is
$\frac{x-5}{3}=\frac{y+4}{7}=\frac{z-6}{2} .$
$\Rightarrow \vec{a}=5 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+6 \hat{k} \text { and } \vec{b}=3 \hat{i}+7 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k} .$
The vector equation of the line is given by $\vec{r}=\vec{a}+\lambda \vec{b}, \lambda \in R$.
$\Rightarrow \vec{r}=5 \hat{i}-4 \hat{j}+6 \hat{k}+\lambda(3 \hat{i}+7 \hat{j}+2 \hat{k})$
Thus assertion is true and reason is false.
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Question 71 Mark
Directions: In these questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason is given.Choose the correct answer out of the following choices:
Assertion: If the cartesian equation of a line is $\frac{\text{x}-5}{3}=\frac{\text{y}+4}{7}=\frac{\text{z}-6}{2},$ then its vector form is $\vec{\text{r}}=5\hat{\text{i}}-4\hat{\text{j}}+6\hat{\text{k}}+\lambda(3\hat{\text{i}}+7\hat{\text{j}}+2\hat{\text{k}}).$
Reason: The cartesian equation of the line which passes through the point (-2, 4, -5) and parallel to the line given by $\frac{\text{x}+3}{3}=\frac{\text{y}-4}{5}=\frac{\text{z}+8}{6}$ is $\frac{\text{x}+3}{-2}=\frac{\text{y}-4}{4}=\frac{\text{z}+8}{-5}.$
  1. Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
  2. Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
  3. Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong statement.
  4. Assertion is wrong statement but Reason is correct statement.
Answer
  1. Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong statement.
Solution:
In assertion the given cartesian equation is
$\frac{\text{x}-5}{3}=\frac{\text{y}+4}{7}=\frac{\text{z}-6}{2},$
$\Rightarrow\vec{\text{a}}=5\hat{\text{i}}-4\hat{\text{j}}+6\hat{\text{k}}$ and $\vec{\text{b}}=3\hat{\text{i}}+7\hat{\text{j}}+2\hat{\text{k}}$
The vector equation of the line is given by $\vec{\text{r}}=\vec{\text{a}}+\lambda\vec{\text{b}},\lambda\in\text{R}.$
$\Rightarrow\vec{\text{r}}=5\hat{\text{i}}-4\hat{\text{j}}+6\hat{\text{k}}+\lambda(3\hat{\text{i}}+7\hat{\text{j}}+2\text{k})$
Thus Assertion is correct. In reason it is given that the line passes through the point (-2, 4, -5) and is parallel to
Clearly, the direction ratios of line are (3, 5, 6). Now the equation of the line (in cartesian form) is
$\frac{\text{x}-(-2)}{3}=\frac{\text{y}-4}{5}=\frac{\text{z}-(-5)}{6}$
$\Rightarrow\frac{\text{x}+2}{3}=\frac{\text{y}-4}{5}=\frac{\text{z}+5}{6}$
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MCQ 81 Mark
Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions $(A)$ and Reason $(s)(R)$ have been put forward. Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: Points $A(4, 0, 4), B(1, 2, 3), C(-2, 4, 2)$ are collinear.
Reason: Three points $A, B, C$ are collinear if $AB + BC = AC$ and $AB, BC < AC.$
  • Both Assertion $\&$ Reason are individually true $\&$ Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
  • B
    Both Assertion $\&$ Reason are individually true but Reason is not the, correct $($proper$)$ explanation of Assertion.
  • C
    Assertion is true but Reason is false.
  • D
    Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Answer
Correct option: A.
Both Assertion $\&$ Reason are individually true $\&$ Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
Points $A(4, 0, 4), B(1, 2, 3), C(-2, 4, 2)$ are collinear formula to check whether these three points are collinear or not $AB + BC = AC$ to find $AB$ the equation is
$\sqrt{(\text{x}_2-\text{x}_1)^{2}+(\text{y}_2-\text{y}_1)^2+(\text{z}_1-\text{z}_1)^2}.....(1)$
$x_1​ = 4, y_1 ​= 0$ and $z_1 ​= 4$
$x_2 ​= 1, y_2 ​= 2$ and $z_2 ​= 3$
 by substituting the values in $(1)$ we will get 
$AB = 3.7$ similarly for $BC$ and $AC $
$BC = 3.7$
$AC = 7.4$
hence finally its is known that these points are collinear
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Question 91 Mark
Directions: In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
Assertion: The points (1, 2, 3), (-2, 3, 4) and (7, 0, 1) are collinear
Reason: If a line makes angles $\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{4}$ and $\frac{\pi}{4}$ with X, Y, and Z - axes respectively, then its direction cosines are $0,\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
  1. Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
  2. Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
  3. Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong statement.
  4. Assertion is wrong statement but Reason is correct statement.
Answer
  1. Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Solution:
We have, $\text{x}_1=1,\text{y}_1=2,\text{z}_1=3;$
$\text{x}_2=-2,\text{y}_2=3,\text{z}_2=4$ and $\text{x}_3=7,\text{y}_3=0,\text{z}_3=1$
Now, $\frac{\text{x}_2-\text{x}_1}{\text{x}_3-\text{x}_2}=\frac{\text{y}_2-\text{y}_1}{\text{y}_3-\text{y}_2}=\frac{\text{z}_2-\text{z}_1}{\text{z}_3-\text{z}_2}$
$\Rightarrow\frac{-2-1}{7-(-2)}=\frac{3-2}{0-3}=\frac{4-3}{1-4}$
$\Rightarrow\frac{-3}{9}=\frac{1}{-3}=\frac{1}{-3}\Rightarrow\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{-1}{3}$
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Question 101 Mark
Assertion (A) : The point $A(1,0,7)$ is the mirror image of the point $B(1,6,3)$ in the line $\frac{x}{1}=\frac{y-1}{2}=\frac{z-2}{3}$.
Reason (R) : The line : $\frac{x}{1}=\frac{y-1}{2}=\frac{z-2}{3}$ bisects the line segment joining $A(1,0,7)$ and $B(1,6,3)$.
Answer
(b) : The direction ratios of the line segment joining $A(1,0,7)$ and $B(1,6,3)$ is $(0,6,-4)$.
The direction ratios of the given line is $(1,2,3)$.
As $1 \cdot 0+6 \cdot 2-4 \cdot 3=0$, we have the lines are perpendicular.
Also the midpoint of $A B$ is $(1,3,5)$. Also, the point $(1,3,5)$ lies on the line.
$\therefore \quad$ Point $A$ is the mirror image of point $B$ in the given line. Also, the line bisects $A B$, so statement $I$ and statement II are true.
Statement 'II' holds even if the line is not perpendicular. This situation is possible.
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Assertion (A) & Reason (B) MCQ - MATHS STD 12 Science Questions - Vidyadip