a
(a)
Limiting value of friction on pen is
$f_1=\mu_1 m g$
So, for pen to start slipping, force acting over pen is
$F_1 \geq f_{1,}=\mu_1 m g$
So, minimum acceleration of pen is
$a_{\min }=\frac{F_1}{m}=\mu_1 g$
Hence, minimum acceleration of paper is $a_{\min }=\mu_1 g$
Now, consider free body diagram of paper
We have,
$F_{\text {net }} =M a_{\min }=F-f_1-f_2$
$\Rightarrow \quad F= M a_{\min }+f_1+f_2$
$= M \mu_1 g+\mu_1 m g+\mu_2(m+M) g$
$=(M+m)\left(\mu_1+\mu_2\right) g$
