An electric bulb, when connected across a power supply of 220V, consumes a power of 60W. If the supply drops to 180V, what will be the power consumed? If the supply is suddenly increased to 240V, what will be the power consumed?
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(a) In Example 3.1, the electron drift speed is estimated to be only a few $mm s ^{-1}$ for currents in the range of a few amperes? How then is current established almost the instant a circuit is closed? (b) The electron drift arises due to the force experienced by electrons in the electric field inside the conductor. But force should cause acceleration. Why then do the electrons acquire a steady average drift speed? (c) If the electron drift speed is so small, and the electron's charge is small, how can we still obtain large amounts of current in a conductor? (d) When electrons drift in a metal from lower to higher potential, does it mean that all the 'free' electrons of the metal are moving in the same direction? (e) Are the paths of electrons straight lines between successive collisions (with the positive ions of the metal) in the (i) absence of electric field, (ii) presence of electric field?
How many time constants will elapse before the current in a charging RC circuit drops to half of its initial value? Answer the same question for a discharging RC circuit.
The potential difference between the terminals of a battery of emf 6.0V and internal resistance $1\Omega$ drops to 5.8V when connected across an external resistor. Find the resistance of the external resistor.
Three resistors $1\ \Omega,\ 2\ \Omega$ and $3\ \Omega$ are combined in series. What is the total resistance of the combination?
If the combination is connected to a battery of emf $12 V$ and negligible internal resistance, obtain the potential drop across each resistor.