Mental Disorders — psychology STD 12 Arts — Question

• Learning-related psychosis is seen in childhood, in which the child has difficulty in learning, adjustment, communication, language, normal daily work, etc.
• It takes more time to learn as you age.
• Types:

(1) Dyslexia
(2) Autism
(3) ADHD-Attention Definition Hyperactive Disorder
(1) Dyslexia:

• According to DSM-V, dyslexia has been included as a specific learning disorder.
• According to a survey, 17% of children in the United States have this problem.
• According to a 2012 survey, the incidence of dyslexia in India was 9.87%.
• Which was seen in more boys than girls.

• Features:

• The ability to speak in childhood develops later than other children
• Difficulty in word pronunciation and word comprehension, difficulty in learning new words and memorizing learned words Difficulty in distinguishing words with similar pronunciation Difficulty in language writing skills
• For example, write ઢ instead of ઠ and S instead of 2.
• Write a word with different spellings.
• E.g. Ravi, Raavi
• Difficulty in functional organ coordination.
• E.g. Difficulty in catching the ball, untying the string inside the needle, tying the shoelaces etc.
• Difficulty standing and speaking in the middle of the classroom due to difficulty in reading
• Lack of motivation to achieve academic achievement.
• This disorder, which is caused by an inherited or neurological defect, is known as disability.
• With proper training, they develop their abilities.
• E.g. the film Taare Zami Par is an excellent example of this.
• As well as in real life people like Thomas Alva Edison, George Washington, Albert Einstein, Leonardo-da-Vinci, Bill Gates etc. had symptoms of dyslexia in childhood.

(2) Autism:

• Autoimmune disorder is known as ASD Autism Spectrum Disorder. In DSM – V it is referred to as social messaging disorder.
• According to a March 27, 2014 survey by the American organization CDC, the disorder is found in one in 68 children, one in 42 boys, and one in 189 girls.
• The prevalence of this disorder is higher in boys.
• According to a 2013 survey, its proportion in India is 1 to 1.5%.
• Autism is a disorder that is affecting more and more people.
• Neurological deficits cause difficulty in children's social interaction, literally-non-verbal communication.
• The child cannot do one activity over and over again, often playing alone, talking to people eye to eye.
• One cannot express one's thoughts or feelings to others
• Repeating one thing at a time, laughing faintly for no reason, turning things over and over again.
• Fear of a situation like real fear reduces the experience of pain.
• These children have learning disabilities, difficulty sleeping, cramps and digestive problems.
• These children can be treated with medicinal or behavioral psychotherapy.

(3) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:

• This disorder is associated with difficulty concentrating and extreme restlessness in children.
• In DSM – V, this disorder is one of the disorders associated with the development of the nervous system.
• Research has been done on this disorder in children between the ages of four and seventeen.
• In the United States, the rate is increasing every year.
• For example, it was 7.8% in 2003, -9.5% in 2007 and 11% in 2011.
• In India too, the prevalence is 5% to 10%.
• Which is more common in males than females.
• There are three main symptoms of this disorder: (1) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity (2) Impulsivity (3) Hyperactivity.
• A person with this disorder can no longer focus on any stimulus.
• Unable to follow instructions, difficulty completing tasks, daydreaming, daydreaming, difficulty working in one place for long periods of time, not being able to play the game quietly, being too talkative, moving from one place to another or running or climbing things, Symptoms include lack of patience, answering before the question is completed.
• Thus, a child with these types of symptoms develops attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.