In 1912, William Stern presented a formulae to measure the intelligence, which is like this :
IQ = (Mental age(MA) / Chronological age (CA) ) x 100
Levels of intelligence are presented on the basis of intelligence quotient. First of all, Terman gave the classification of intelligence. The level of intelligence in general population can be studied on the basis of intelligence test. The following "bell shaped" curve reflects the outcome of different studies conducted to test the intelligence.

This curve is known as normal probability curve of intelligence. According to this curve, most of the people possess average intelligence 50% of people fall in this category with IQ of 90 to 110. While population with dull intelligence is quite less. Only 2.2% of population consists of mentally challenged and gifted people.