Social System and Social Structure — sociology STD 11 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ArtssociologySocial System and Social Structure3 Marks
Question
Explain the AGIL model of Talcott Parsons.
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Answer
According to Talcott Parsons, in order to survive in any social system, four different functional requirements must be met.
The model of social structure presented by Talcott is known as "the functional need of society."
AGIL Model:
$A =$ adaptation $G =$ goal attainment
Economy
Polity
Educational, Religious family arrangements
Law and order
maintenance of the structure and tension I $=$ integration
$(1)$ Adaptation:
Society has to adapt to the material environment in order to survive and satisfy its own material needs.
Human beings satisfy their basic needs like food, shelter, etc. through economic system.
That is, the economic system adapts to society.
$(2)$ Goal Attainment:
Every system works with one goal in mind.
The state system has to make the necessary decisions to achieve this goal.
The state system makes the policy and the legal system enforces it.
Adaptation is required to achieve the goal.
$(3)$ Integration:
Every society maintains coordination among its internal parts in order to survive.
Such as legal entities enforcing social norms.
It is essential that all members of the social system remain loyal to each other and to the system.
Integrity requires loyalty, cooperation, coordination and efficiency in the social system.
$(4)$ Latent pattern maintenance and tension management:
Society strives to survive through certain systems and standards.
It is insisted that every member of the society play a role commensurate with the status and if there is any tension while playing this role, it becomes a conflict.
To prevent this from happening, society must find the necessary ways to resolve internal tensions and conflicts.
The family system, religion and education system work or teach stress relief.
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