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The e.m.f. of a cell is $E\, volts$ and internal resistance is $r$ $ohm$. The resistance in external circuit is also $r$ $ohm$. The p.d. across the cell will be
Power dissipated across the $8 \,\,\Omega$ resistor in the circuit shown here is $2\,\, watt.$ The power dissipated in watt units across the $3 \,\,\Omega$ resistor is
Consider a block of conducting material ofresistivity '$\rho$' shown in the figure. Current '$I$' enters at '$A$' and leaves from '$D$'. We apply superp osition principle to find voltage '$\Delta V$ ' developed between '$B$' and '$C$'. The calculation is done in the following steps:
$(i)$ Take current '$I$' entering from '$A$' and assume it to spread over a hemispherical surface in the block.
$(ii)$ Calculatefield $E(r)$ at distance '$r$' from $A$ by using Ohm's law $E = \rho j$, where j is the current per unit area at '$r$'.
$(iii)$ From the '$r$' dependence of $E(r)$, obtain the potential $V(r)$ at $r$.
$(iv)$ Repeat $(i), (ii)$ and $(iii)$ for current '$I$' leaving '$D$' and superpose results for '$A$' and '$D$'.
For current entering at $A$, the electric field at a distance '$r$'
from $A$ is
A cell of constant $e.m.f.$ first connected to a resistance ${R_1}$ and then connected to a resistance ${R_2}$. If power delivered in both cases is then the internal resistance of the cell is
With a potentiometer null point were obtained at $140\, cm$ and $180\, cm$ with cells of $emf$ $1.1 \,V$ and one unknown $X\, volts$. Unknown $emf$ is .............. $V$