Physics M.C.Q [1M]

1. Nuclear binding energy

Explanation:

The protons and the neutrons exist together inside the nucleus due to attractive nuclear forces, thus some energy is required to break the nuclear forces.

Hence the binding energy is defined as the energy needed to break the nucleus into its individual nucleons in a nuclear reaction.

1. Binding energy of the nucleus decreases on an average as A increases.

Explanation:

From the above figure it is clearly visible that the binding energy of the nucleus decreases on an average as A increases

1. 0.782 MeV

Explanation:

For neutron decay, some mass disappears as neutrons convert to a proton, electron and antineutrino.

Q = (m_n​−m_p​−m_νˉ​−m_e​)c² = 0.782MeV

3. At very high temperature and very high pressure.

Explanation:

Nuclear fusion occurs at very high temperature and very high pressure. It is the primary phenomenon for the generation of heat energy in the sun.

4. Photon.

Explanation:

The atomic number and mass number of a nucleus is defined as the number of protons and the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus, respectively. Since in the decay, neither the atomic number nor the mass number change, it cannot be a beta-decay (release of electron, proton or neutron). Hence, the particle emitted can only be a photon.

2. 1.4×10³kg/m³

Explanation:

Density of water is = 1000 kg/m³

Density of sun = 1.4×1000

= 1.4×10³ms⁻³

1. Nuclear fusion

Explanation:

The radient energgy of is result of nuclear fusion. The energy from both heat and light originates from a nuclear fusion.

2. Fussion

Explanation:

Hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion and hence hydrogen atoms combine to form Helium atoms.

2. 8.46MeV

Explanation:

C¹³ + energy → C¹² + n

Energy required to remove one neutron = Difference in total binding energy

= 13 × 7.74 − 12 × 7.68MeV

= 8.46MeV

3. Thermonuclear reaction

Explanation:

In nuclear physics,nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at very high speed and join to form a new type of atomic nucleus. During this process matter is not conserved because some of the matter of fusing nuclei is converted to photons also known as thermonuclear reaction.

3. A heavy nucleus bombarded by thermal neutrons breaks up.

Explanation:

In a nuclear reactor, a large fissile atomic nucleus like uranium-235 absorbs a thermal neutron and undergoes a nuclear fission reaction. The heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei releasing gamma radiation and free neutrons.

2. Exothermic

Explanation:

An exothermic reaction is that in which heat is released.

An exothermic reaction is that in which heat is absorbed.

In a nuclear reaction, if the mass of the product nucleus and outgoing particle is less than the mass of the target nucleus and bombarding particle, then energy is released (exothermic reaction), and Q-value is +ve.

1. Average binding energy

Explanation:

Stability of nucleus is based on average binding energy i.e. binding energy per nucleon. This much energy will be needed for nucleon to break free.

3. Isotones.

1. 3.7 × 10¹⁰ Disintegration/ sec.

4. 2×10°C

Explanation:

Thermonuclear reaction, fusion of two light atomic nuclei into a single heavier nucleus by a collision of the two interacting particles at extremely high temperatures, with the consequent release of a relatively large amount of energy.

The Sun is a main-sequence star, and thus generates its energy by nuclear fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium. In its core, the Sun fuses 620 million metric tons of hydrogen each second.

as shown in the figure that hydrogen atom are fusses to helium atom.

3. Fusion.

3. 2.5 And 2 meV.

3. Half life.

3. A

Explanation:

The mass number (A) is the number of nucleons, which is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

2. Z.

1. Atomic mass

Explanation:

The mass of an atom expressed in amu is known as atomic mass. atomic mass unit defined as a unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights, equal to one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

4. Einstein.

3. Neutron.