\(\Delta H = \Delta U + \Delta {n_g}RT\)
When \(\Delta {n_g} = 0,\,\Delta H = \Delta U\)
When \(\Delta {n_g} \ne 0,\,\Delta H \ne \Delta U\)
For \({C_2}{H_4}(g) + {H_2}(g) \to {C_2}{H_6}(g)\)
\(\Delta {n_g} = 1 - 2 = - 1\)
$2Ag_{(aq)}^ + + c{d_{(s)}} \to cd_{(aq)}^{2 + } + 2A{g_{(s)}}$
$2{C_8}{H_{18}}(g) + 25{O_2}(g) \to 16C{O_2}(g) + 18{H_2}O(g).$
ત્યારે $\Delta H,\,\Delta S$ અને $\Delta G$ની નિશાની .......... હશે.