Describe the flow of blood through the heart of human beings.
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Human heart has four completely separated chambers which allow two completely separated circuits of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood; hence the name, double circulation.
The pulmonary circuit includes flow of blood through heart-lung-heart while systemic circuit includes heart-rest of the body-heart. This ensures that left side of heart receives and pumps only oxygenated blood while the right side receives and pumps only deoxygenated blood.
Two pulmonary veins come from each lung and pass $O_2$ -rich blood to left atrium. The left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta which in turn branches and delivers blood to the major body regions and organs. The anterior vena cava collects deoxygenated blood from the head, chest, and arms and enters the right atrium while the inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body regions. Both venae cavae pass the deoxygenated blood to the right atrium. Blood from right atrium enters right ventricle and pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs for oxygenation.
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During the respiration of an organism A, 1 molecule of glucose produces 2 ATP molecules whereas in the respiration of another organism B, 1 molecule of glucose produces 38 ATP molecules.
Which organism is undergoing aerobic respiration?
Which organism is undergoing anaerobic respiration?
Which type of organism, A or B, can convert glucose into alcohol?
Draw a schematic representation of transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during transportation of blood in human beings and label on it, Lung capillaries, Pulmonary artery to lungs Aorta to body, Pulmonary veins from lungs.
Some sugar solution is taken in a test-tube and a little of substance X in powder form is added to it. The mouth of test - tube is closed with a cork and allowed to stand for sometime. On opening the cork, a characteristic smell of substance Y is obtained and a gas Z is also observed to be formed. The gas Z extinguishes a burning matchstick.
What could be X, Y and Z?
What is the process of converting sugar into substance Y by the action of X known as?
What type of respiration is exhibited by X in the above process?