Explanation:
When an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus the nucleus losses two protons and two neutrons. This means that the atomic number is decreased by 2.
Explanation:
Nuclear fusion occurs at very high temperature and very high pressure. It is the primary phenomenon for the generation of heat energy in the sun.
Explanation:
In nuclear fusion reactions, the heavy isotopes of Hydrogen take part like deuterium 1H2 and tritium 1H3 as they have extra neutron.
Explanation:
The concept of atomic mass was proposed by William Prout. Early atomic mass theory was proposed by the English chemist William Prout in a series of published papers in 1815 and 1816. Known as Prout's Law, Prout suggested that the known elements had atomic weights that were whole number multiples of the atomic mass of hydrogen.
Sloution:
Key concept: Q value or energy of nuclear reaction: The energy absorbed or released during a nuclear reaction is known as Q-value of nuclear reaction.
Q-value = (Mass of reactants – mass of products)c2 Joules = (Mass of reactants – mass of products) amu
If Q < 0, the nuclear reaction is known as endothermic. (The energy is absorbed in the reaction).
If Q > 0, the nuclear reaction is known as exothermic. (The energy is released in the reaction).
Let the nucleus be ZXA.
$\beta$ decay is respresented as: $_\text{Z}\text{X}^\text{A}\rightarrow_{\text{z}+1}\text{Y}^{\text{A}}+_{-1}\text{e}^0+\overline{\text{v}}+\text{Q}_2$
Q1 = [mn(zXA) - mn (z+1YA) - me]c2
= [mn (zXA) + Zme - mn (z+1YA) - (Z + 1)me]c2
= [m(zXA) - m(z-1YA)]c2
⇒ Q1 = (Mx - My)c2
$\beta^+$ decay is represented as; $_\text{Z}\text{X}^\text{A}\rightarrow_{\text{z}-1}\text{Y}^{\text{A}}+_{+1}\text{e}^0+{\text{v}}+\text{Q}_2$
Q2 = [mn(zXA) - mn (z-1YA) - me]c2
= [mn (zXA) + Zme - Mn (z-1YA) - (Z - 1)me - 2me]c2
= [m(zXA)' - m(z-1YA) - 2me] c2
⇒ Q2 = (Mx - My - 2me)c2.
Explanaiton:
2A → B
Possible if B is more stable than A
⟹ Energy of B is less than two atoms of A
E2<2E1
Explanation:
The atomic weight is a characteristic property of an element and can never vary.
The valency of an element can vary. For example, when the ion is in +2 and +3 oxidation state, its valency is 2 and 3 respectively.
Explanation:
Packing fraction is the mass defect per nucleon i.e. elementary particle in the nucleus. The difference between atomic weight and mass number i.e. mass of elementary particle in the nucleus is known as mass defect. Hence,
$\text{p}=\frac{\Delta\text{m}}{\text{A}}$
$\text{p}=\frac{\text{M - A}}{\text{A}}$
Explanation:
Mass defect is the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus differs from the sum of the masses of the consistuent particles, being the mass equivalent of the energy released in the formation of the nucleus. It is also the measure of binding energy of the nucleus.
Explanation:
One a.m.u. is defined as mass of $\frac{1}{12}$th the mass of one carbon-12 atom.
Explanation:
The atomic number and mass number of a nucleus is defined as the number of protons and the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus, respectively. Since in the decay, neither the atomic number nor the mass number change, it cannot be a beta-decay (release of electron, proton or neutron). Hence, the particle emitted can only be a photon.
Explanation:
Radioactive isotopes have unstable nucleus which emits energy and particles when it converts to stable form. Cobalt-60 is an isotope used to treat Cancer like problems.
Explanation:
Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them.
Explanation:
Carbon has three isotopes $12\text{C}\\ \ 6$, $13\text{C}\\ \ 6$ and $14\text{C}\\ \ 6$
Explanation:
The difference between the sum of the masses of the constituent particles and the mass of an atom is called mass defect.
The energy released due to mass defect was given by Einstein
E = $△$mc2
Explanation:
BE)Hc = 28MeV, A of He = 4
BE)He = $\frac{28}{4}$MeV
= 7 MeV
Explanation:
Fusion reaction is the combining of atom to form heavier nuclei. Fusion reaction requires high temperature. God fusion to occur on earth a, we need a temperature of at least 100 million degree Celsius. It is also an uncontrollable reaction.
Explanation:
Here the nuclear reaction: $2^2_1$H(deutron)→$_1^3$H(tritium)
For balancing the reaction: $2^2_1$H→$_1^3$H+$_1^1$H(proton)
Thus, we will get a proton in this reaction.
Explanation:
From conservation of mass
24 + 4 = x + 1
x = 28 − 1 = 27
Explanation:
Protons and neutrons are present inside the nucleus and they exert strong attractive nuclear force on each other. These forces are equal in magnitude, irrespective of the charge present on the nucleons.
$\therefore$ Fpp = Fpn = Fnn
Here, Fpp = Fpn = Fnn denote the magnitudes of the nuclear force by a proton on a proton, by a proton on a neutron and by a neutron on a neutron, respectively.
Explanation:
Density of water is = 1000 kg/m3
Density of sun = 1.4×1000
= 1.4×103ms−3
Explanation:
A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy is called nuclear fusion.
Explanation:
The average nuclear radius (R) and the mass number of the element (A) has the following relation:
$\text{R}=\text{R}_{0}\text{A}^{\frac{1}{2}}$
$\frac{\text{R}}{\text{R}_{0}}=\text{A}^{\frac{1}{3}}$
In $\Big(\frac{\text{R}}{\text{R}_0}\Big)=\frac{1}{3}$ In A
Therefore, the graph of ln$\Big(\frac{\text{R}}{\text{R}_0}\Big)$ versus ln A is a straight line passing through the origin with slope $\frac{1}{3}.$
Explanation:
The process of splitting a nucleus is called nuclear fission. Uranium or plutonium isotopes are normally used as the fuel in nuclear reactors because their atoms have relatively large nuclei that are easy to split, especially when hit by neutrons.
When fission of an element takes place when hit by a neutron, furthermore neutrons are released. The additional neutrons released may also hit other uranium or plutonium nuclei and cause them to split.
Even more, neutrons are then released, which in turn can split more nuclei. This is called a chain reaction.
Explanation:
The electron emitted in beta radiation may originates from neutron and it increases the atomic number 1.
Explanation:
Nuclear fusion reactions are the nuclear reactions in which two or smaller (lighter) nuclei combine to form a bigger (heavier) nucleus giving off a huge amount of energy.
Explanation:
Modern atomic weight scale is based on C−12.
The standard unit for expressing the mass of atom is amu (atomic mass unit).
It is equal to $\frac{1}{12}$ of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 equal to 1.6605×10−19g.
amu is also called as avogram.
Avogram is a unit of mass and weight equal to one gram divided by the Avogadro's number.
Explanation:
Two protons exert strong attractive nuclear force and repulsive electrostatic force on each other. Nuclear forces are short range forces existing in the range of a few fms. Therefore, at a separation of 10nm, the electromagnetic force is greater than the nuclear force, i.e. Fe >> Fn.
Explanation:
Mass number of a nucleus is defined as the sum of the number of neutron and protons present in the nucleus, i.e. the number of nucleons in the nucleus.
Explanation:
Isotopes are each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties.
Explanation:
Atomic number = number of protons = 16
Mass number = Number of protons + number of neutrons
So the mass number of sulfur = 32
Explanation:
Fusion is the process that powers the sun and the stars. It is the reaction in which two atoms of hydrogen combine together or fuse to form an atom of helium. In this process some of the mass of the hydrogen converted into energy.
Explanation:
Hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion. A large amount of nuclear energy is released by fusion of two light elements (elements with low atomic numbers).
In a hydrogen bomb, two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium(1 proton, 1 neutron) and tritium(1 proton, 2 neutron) are fused to form a nucleus of helium and a neutron.
This fusion releases 17.6 MeV of energy. Also, there is no limit on the amount of the fusion that can occur.
Explanation:
$\beta^-$ decay: $_\text{Z}^\text{A}\text{X}→_{\text{Z}+1}^{\text{A}}\text{Y} + _{−1}^0\text{e}$
Thus, the atomic number is increased in $\beta^-$ decay.
Explanation:
The radient energgy of is result of nuclear fusion. The energy from both heat and light originates from a nuclear fusion.
Explanation
The mass number, also called atomic mass number, is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleous.i.e. Mass number = Neutron + Proton.
Explanation:
Hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion and hence hydrogen atoms combine to form Helium atoms.
Solution:
The nucleus of Tritium (1H3) contains 1 proton and 2 neutrons.
A neutron decays as $\text{n}\rightarrow\ \text{p}+\overline{\text{e}}+\overline{\text{v}},$ the nucleus may have 2 protons and one neutron i.e., tritium will transform into 2He3. It means triton energy is less that of 2He3 nucleaus. Tirton energy is less than that of 2He3 nucleus, which simple mean transformation is not allowed energetically.
Explanation:
In fusion reaction 0.65% of mass is converted into energy.
So, 0.65% of mass is lost during nuclear fusion.
Explanation:
The average life is the mean life time for a nuclei to decay.
It is given as
$\tau=\frac{1}{\lambda}=\frac{\text{T}_{\frac{1}{2}}}{0.693}$
Here, $\tau,\lambda$ and $\text{T}_{\frac{1}{2}}$ are the average life, decay constant and half life-time of the active nuclei, respectively. The value of the average lifetime comes to be more than the average lifetime. Therefore, in one average life, more than half the active nuclei decay.
Explanation:
A nuclear reaction is a process, such as fission, fusion or radioactive decay, in which the structure of an atomic nucleus is altered through release of energy or mass or by being broken apart. The number of nuclei in the element atom changes resulting in release of energy.
Explanation:
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in each atom.
Since, the isotopes has same number of proton.