In a thermodynamic process pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is changed in such a manner that the gas releases $20 \,J$ of heat when $8 \,J$ of work was done on the gas. If the initial internal energy of the gas was $30 \,J$, then the final internal energy will be ........ $J$
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(b)
We know by $1^{\text {st }}$ Law of Thermodynamics
$\Delta Q=\Delta U+\Delta W$
$-20 J =\Delta U-8 \,J$
$\because \Delta U=U_{\text {final }}-U_{\text {initial }}$
$\Delta U=-12 \,J$
So, $U_{\text {final }}=U_{\text {initial }}+\Delta U$
$=30+(-12)=18 \,J$
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