The rate of recombination or generation are governed by the law(s) of
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(c)
Carriers flow from higher to lower concentration like heat.
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A thermodynamic system is taken form an initial state $i$ with internal energy $U_1=100 \ J$ to the final state along two different paths iaf and ibf, as schematically shown in the fire. The work done by the system along the paths $af$, ib and bf are $W _{ af }=200 \ J , W _{ ID }=50 \ J$ and $W _{ br }=100 \ J$ respectively. The heat supplied to the system along the path iaf, ib and bf are $Q_{\mid a t l} Q_{b r}$ and $Q_{10}$ respectively. If the internal energy of the sytem in the state $b$ is $U_b=$ $200 \ J$ and $Q_{l a t}=500 \ J$, the ratio $Q_{b J} / Q_{10}$ is:
A Car not engine whose low temperate reservoir is at $7\,^oC$ has an efficiency of $50\%$ . It is desired to increase the efficiency to $70\%$ . By how many degrees should the temperature of the high temperature reservoir be increased .... $K$
Two moles of helium gas are taken over the cycle $ABCDA$, as shown in the $P-T$ diagram. The net work done on the gas in the cycle $ABCDA$ is ...... $R$
A sample of an ideal gas is taken through the cyclic process $ABCA$ as shown in figure. It absorbs, $40\,J$ of heat during the part $A B$, no heat during $BC$ and rejects $60\,J$ of heat during $CA$. $A$ work $50\,J$ is done on the gas during the part $BC$. The internal energy of the gas at $A$ is $1560\,J$. The work done by the gas during the part $CA$ is.............$J$
A Carnot freezer takes heat from water at $0\,^oC$ inside it and rejects it to the room at a temperature of $27\,^oC$. The latent heat of ice is $336 \times 10^3\, J\,kg^{-1}$. lf $5\, kg$ of water at $0\,^oC$ is converted into ice at $0\,^oC$ by the freezer, then the energy consumed by the freezer is close to
Starting at temperature $300\; \mathrm{K},$ one mole of an ideal diatomic gas $(\gamma=1.4)$ is first compressed adiabatically from volume $\mathrm{V}_{1}$ to $\mathrm{V}_{2}=\frac{\mathrm{V}_{1}}{16} .$ It is then allowed to expand isobarically to volume $2 \mathrm{V}_{2} \cdot$ If all the processes are the quasi-static then the final temperature of the gas (in $\left. \mathrm{K}\right)$ is (to the nearest integer)